NUCLEAR STRUCTURE STUDY OF THE HALO NUCLEI
The existence of halo nuclei is one of the major important discoveries in the field of nuclear physics. These nuclei are treated as loosely bound system in which a core of normal nuclear density is surrounded by so-called neutron (or proton) halo of diluted nuclear matter. Many theoretical investigations have attempted to understand these nuclei, which exist at light to heavy masses. The phenomenon of nuclear halo is a quantum effect that occurs in nuclei due to the presence of valence nucleons with low separation energy and l = 0, 1 (low angular momentum), and is manifested by the extraordinarily large radii of these nuclei. The core plus halo model is commonly used to describe halo nuclei. This model recognizes the need to treat the core and the halo neutrons or protons separately. By considering different model spaces for the core and the halo nucleons, we can better explain the properties of halo nuclei. This separation is justified by the fact that the valence nucleons in a halo nucleus have different properties compared to the core. Halo nuclei at rest cannot be used as target due to their short-lived species and extraordinary ratio of neutrons and protons (either neutron-rich or proton-rich). Instead, they can be studied through direct reactions with a radioactive isotope beam, employing inverse kinematics where the role of the beam and target are exchanged. In order to investigate the charge and matter densities of these nuclei, total and differential reaction cross section analyses of proton scattering on halo nuclei have been carried out using various theoretical and phenomenological methods.
Keywords: Halo Nuclei, Root Mean Square Radii, Exotic Nuclei, Density Distributions.