DETECTION OF GENOMIC MARKERS BY RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA ANALYSIS IN LEUKEMIA PATIENTS
One of the hematological malignancies brought on by the abnormal proliferation of immature leukocytes is leukemia. Numerous epigenetic and genetic changes in hematopoietic progenitor cells are the cause of it. The Random Amplification of Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique has been utilized in the presented work in order to assess DNA polymorphisms and discover genomic markers in diverse leukemia types. The analysis utilizing a random primer regarding decamer oligonucleotides OPJ-04 produced distinct profiles of amplified fragments of DNA in the genomic DNA of 3 different types of the leukemia patients. The unique band (2178 bp), which is present in 60 and 66.6% of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), respectively, exhibited a significant difference (P ≤ 0.01). While detected in only 20% of cases chronic lymphoid leukemia (CLL), and absent in the remaining leukemia patients and healthy controls. The results showed that the distinct bands (1737 and 1513 bp), which were present in all leukemia patients, however absent in healthy controls, showed extremely significant differences (P ≤ 0.01). Similarly, results have revealed highly significant differences (P ≤ 0.010) in fourth distinct band (1202 bp) that detected in all AML, 86.6% of CML, and 90% of CLL, and lacking in the remaining leukemia patients and in all healthy controls The results also showed that there have been significant differences (P ≤ 0.01) in the amplified band (750 bp), which was absent in 73.3% of CML patients, but present in the remaining CML patients, along with all AML patients, CLL patients, and healthy controls. The 4 amplified DNA fragments (1031, 870, 600, and 300 bp) that detected in all healthy controls and leukemia patients, at the same time, showed no significant differences in the results. The recognized DNA polymorphisms through the arbitrary primer OPJ-04 may be used as a genetic marker to design a successful RAPD primer for the diagnosis of leukemia patients.
Keywords: Genetic Markers, DNA Polymorphism, Leukemia, RAPD-PCR