OBESITY IN CHILDREN AND TYPE 2 DIABETICS' LIPID PROFILES
Background: in general, obesity is defined as an excessive buildup of a person's body fat. The Body mass index -BMI is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilograms by the square of his height in meters. It's a simple test that's more frequently used to diagnose adult obesity and overweight. The BMI percentiles for age and gender are used since the quantity of body fat in children is distinct from that in adults due to variations in age and sex. Obesity in children is a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in the developed world, but it is also on the increase in developing countries. Objective: To determine the incidence of childhood obesity and potential risk factors among children aged 6 to 12 in Baghdad's primary schools. Methods: eighty children (38 boys and 42 girls), aged from 6 to 9 years were suffered from obesity and type II diabetes were chosen in the current study. Venous blood samples were collected from children during the period from January 1 to December 25, 2020. White blood cell count (WBCs); PCV; platelets; Triglyceride; cholesterol; LDL; HDL; and blood sugar were measured. The weight and height of each child were also measured. Results: The highest incidence of obesity was among the 9-year-old boys who were 126-128 centimeters (cm) in length and weighed 34-35 kg, and the BMI for this age group was 21.4% kg/m² and the percentile range was 96%, this means that children suffer from overweight. Nine-year-old girls also recorded the highest range of BMI, as it was 22-23.2 kg/m² and percentile range 99%-102%, which means that they suffer from overweight as is the case with boys, there were no significant differences between boys and girls with regard to BMI, as all of them suffer from obesity. The results showed that most of the children had less than normal platelet count and packed cell volume, whereas the proportions of triglycerides, LDL and HDL were high. All the children in the current study were eating multiple meals (more than 5 meals per day) rich in fats and sweets, sedentary and inactive, tired quickly, their comprehension is slow in the study, and they do not go to school on foot, but ride in one of the parents' cars, which reduces the speed of burning fat and the appearance of obesity in them. Conclusion: According to this study, obesity and overweight have several causes. According to the study, sedentary activity and the consumption of unhealthy foods are all risk factors. Obesity and diabetes may result as a result of this.
Keywords: Obesity, Children, Diabetes.